Four important ways of Religious education in the field of Beliefs are inferred in this article through the nature of religion in the Holy Quran. We have examined two categories of “nature of religion” and “methods of Religious education” for this purpose. All verses including the root of “د ـ ی ـ ن” (religion) have been investigated in order to properly understand the nature of religion in the Holy Quran. Then, we have benefited from the inference method to find the ways of Religious education in the Holy Quran. In the inferential method, we have reached the “conclusion”, which is the method of Religious education by using two premises, “normative” and “realistic”. The solutions of the Holy Quran to achieve the methods of Religious education are explained in the following. For example, using the Scriptures directly to know the right actions is one of the solutions of the Holy Quran to reach the way of believing in the punishment of deeds. The achievement of Religious education methods through discovering the nature of religion and explaining the purpose of education on the one hand and using the inferential method as a research method on the other hand is one of the innovations of this research. The achievements of this paper can be used to provide an educational theoretical model for formal and public education system.

Mystical experience is one of the most significant achievements and outcomes of spiritual purification. Such an experience and internal polishing is interconnected with the overall spiritual and physical strives of human being. In other words, it dedicates the total potentialities of mankind to gain and experience knowledge to itself. The human endeavor to gain this type of experience is versatile and diverse. One of the things for human being to understand the beautiful spiritual mood and get connected with absolute truth is resorting to holy places and internal purification of the self. Holy places and sacred mausoleums play a very important role in refining inner souls of human beings both socially and chronologically. The main purpose of this study is rereading, criticizing, and commenting on the Impact and functions of pilgrimage and sacred places of Saleh Shrine in Tajrish and Shah Abdulazim Shrine, Tehran, and mystical components of inner understanding of human being.

This descriptive-analytical study sought to investigate the socio-Economic Impacts of Religious tourism on the spatial Development of Qom province, using a researcher-developed questionnaire designed via Analytical Hierarchy Process to collect its required data. To this end, the required criteria were developed at two levels: the Economic level comprising of five sub-criteria, including "Increase in employment, increase in incomes, reduction in inflation, increase in regional production", and: private sector participation", and the social level comprising three sub-criteria, including "Increasing the security, increasing the social culture, improving services and infrastructure". The results of surveying the priority of these criteria indicated the high Impact of the Economic element of tourism on the spatial Development of Qom province. According to experts, the more Economic power the people have, the better its Impact would be on the social and environmental sectors of the society. Also, the criteria were also evaluated and prioritized within the study area that formed different districts of Qom province. Accordingly, it was found that the spatial Development of the central district of the province (Qom city) was mostly influenced by Religious tourism in terms of 5 criteria out of the 8 criteria identified in the study, suggesting that Qom, as the hub of Religious tourism of the province, outweighs other parts of the province in terms of Development, which may cause some problems in the future for the Development of tourism in Qom province.

A B S T R A C T Tourism as a socio-Economic activity plays an essential role in the Economic, social, physical, and cultural dimensions of rural settlements in developing countries, which can have significant Impacts on rural physical identity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Impact of tourism on the identity changes of rural settlements in Oraman area of Sarvabad Township in Kurdistan province. Therefore, the present study questions 1. What is the relationship between tourism Development and rural identity changes in the study area? What are the most critical factors influencing the physical Development of rural settlements? He answers. The present study is a descriptive-analytical based on data collection using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of 7 villages located in the Dezli-Hajij communication axis in Oraman District based on population and housing census data of 1395 with 1572 households and 306 households were selected using Cochran formula. One-sample t-test and factor analysis were used for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that tourism Development in the sample villages in terms of continuity over time such as housing construction quality (3/67), sanitation (3/39) and land-use changes (3/78) and unity and plurality such as Design and style of housing architecture (3/01) and public transit architecture (3/23) and then differentiation and homogeneity such as proportionality with rural life (3/58) and rurality or location (3/43) have a positive Impact on the physical dimensions of rural settlements in the region. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that tourism Development plays a vital role in the Development of rural physical identity in the region. So that the proportion of rural life with a specific amount of 13/6 and 27% of the total variance had the most influence among the factors Extended Abstract Introduction  As an important socio-Economic activity in local and regional Development, tourism has a high potential for political, social, and Economic changes in communities. Scholars widely regard it as the engine of Development. Today, rural areas in developing countries face various Economic, social, and environmental challenges. Planners need to pay more attention to complementary sectors of agricultural activities such as the Development of handicrafts, food industries, and tourism because agriculture is now retreating from its hegemonic position in some rural areas. Therefore, tourism as one of the essential approaches to rural Development has multiple effects on the socio-Economic dimensions of rural areas. Tourism can play a vital role in shaping spaces, reconfiguring and rebuilding processes, creating new socio-Economic opportunities in less-developed rural areas,  and leads to changes in the physical dimensions and physical identity of the villages.   Methodology This study aims to investigate the role of tourism Development in the physical identity of  rural settlements located in the Dezley-Hajij road axis in Oraman County (Sarvabad Township- Kurdistan province) in western Iran. This applied study methodology of research was based on analytical– descriptive methods using questionnaires. After the survey of theoretical bases, the questionnaire was set using a Likert spectrum and distributed randomly among the sample. The statistical population of this study consisted of 1572 households residing in the villages of Daraki (Dezli County), Veisiyan and Kamaleh (Oraman County), Belbar, Jivar, Celin, and Novin (Shalyar County), with a sample of 306 was selected by Cochran formula. A questionnaire was further validated by an academic panel of experts in the field of research. Cronbach's alpha determined its reliability, which was up to 0.890 for measured indexes. The data were analyzed by One sample T-test and Factor   analysis tests in the SPSS software package.    Results and discussion To investigate the role of tourism activities in the physical identity change of rural settlements, the research indices in terms of three components of time continuity (quality of constructions, health, and environmental cleanliness and land-use transformations), unity/multiplicity (Landscape of free passages and the type of architectural style), and differentiation/similarity (proportional to rural life and Compliance with the physical environment) were classified. The results of the one-sample t-test showed that assuming numerical utility (3 mean spectra), the components of continuity in time, variance, multiplicity, and differentiation and similarity with numerical mean values (3.62), (3.35), and (3.27), respectively. The effect of tourism Development is affected, and the difference is positive and means between upper and lower boundaries. There is a significant difference at the 95% level between the components. Evaluation of the importance of tourism in the physical Development of rural settlements from the viewpoint of the respondents using factor analysis statistical test showed that the relevant data according to the KMO coefficient (0.812) is appropriate, and the Bartlett's test is 99% significant. Therefore, 50 variables extracted from the questionnaire were classified into six main factors, namely rural planning and architecture, beautification and environmental hygiene, privacy and road improvement, rural livelihoods, cultural regeneration, and physical security.   Conclusion Findings based on the utility analysis of indicators indicate the positive Impact of tourism Development on the Development of physical identity changes in rural settlements in the study area. Thus, the Development of tourism in the villages under study has been able to positively influence the three dimensions of identity, such as continuity in time, unity and plurality, and differentiation and similarity. Therefore, it can be concluded that tourism Development due to its social and Economic Impacts on the villages has also led to changes in rural physical identity. Moreover, hygiene and cleanliness of the rural environment were observed with a numerical mean (3.81) and (3.67), respectively, both of which are indices in the continuity component over time. The results of the data analysis using factor analysis showed that the studied variables had 6% of the total variance in 5% of total variance. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that tourism Development in two factors in terms of continuity in time has the most Impact on the physical identity of rural settlements at 41%. Thus, planning and architecture of rural housing with 27% of the total variance and beautification and sanitation of the physical environment with 14% of the total variance have a significant Impact on the physical changes and, consequently, the physical identity of the rural settlements. Based on the research findings, the following suggestions can be considered: Strengthening local institutions, such as the Islamic Council and the local managers, in order to promote the use of local patterns in the construction of new instruments to conform to the physical structure and function of the villages in the region; Management of land use changes on the edge of the village in order to prevent unnecessary physical changes in the way of preservation and environmental beauty; Prevent the accumulation of pesticides in public passages due to tourism in the area; Improving public beauties and beautifying them using the social and cultural elements of the region.   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution The authors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest The Authors declared no conflict of interest.   Acknowledgments The authors appreciate to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Religious and ritual tourism in Iran, as part of broader cultural tourism, exhibits remarkable potential for Economic, cultural, and social Development. This study focuses on the country’s wide range of Religious and national ceremonies and explores how they can reinforce cultural tourism. Findings indicate that key Religious rituals such as Ashura, Tasuʿa, and Islamic festivals, alongside ancient festivities like Nowruz, Mehregān, and Yaldā, not only strengthen collective identity but also possess high capacity for attracting both domestic and international travelers. Developing this sector can create multiple opportunities for boosting local markets, generating employment, and increasing revenues in various regions nationwide. Conducted through a qualitative, interdisciplinary approach, this research reviews literature on heritage and ritual tourism and analyzes the interaction between cultural Beliefs, Religious customs, and the spiritual-educational experiences of visitors. The most significant challenges identified include inadequate infrastructure, limited statistical data, and occasionally the commodification of ceremonies that undermines their authenticity. Consequently, precise policymaking, local community education, targeted marketing, and preserving ceremonial integrity are deemed crucial. The findings demonstrate that Religious and ritual tourism, by uniting historical, cultural, and spiritual dimensions, can play a vital role in presenting Iran’s heritage to the world and serve as an effective tool for sustainable tourism Development. Ultimately, broader interdisciplinary research, coupled with support for tourism infrastructure and constructive collaboration among government bodies, local communities, and private stakeholders, remains essential for ensuring success in this field.

Abstract: This study sought to answer the question of what are the causes of marital infidelity in the Iranian family. To Answer the Research Question, Qualitative Meta-Synthesis (QMS) Method Were Used. Then, 78 Scientific Papers Which Were Considered Marital Infidelity in Iran were identified and were Analyzed. The results showed that the factors of infidelity in Iran can be classified into 9 main categories, including: 1. Social factors, 2. Psychological factors, 3. Cultural factors, 4. Family factors, 5. Personal factors, 6. Relational factors, 7. Economic factors, 8. Media factors, 9. Contextual factors. Each of the main Categories is divided into Different Subcategories. The Social Factors of infidelity were including “Infidelity Opportunities”, “Friend groups” and “Environmental Conditions”. Psychological Factors of Infidelity Were Including “Personality Type”, “Attachment Styles”, and their “Love Schema”. Cultural Factors have Pointed to “Change in Beliefs and values” and “the level of Religious Education” of people. The Family Factors were including “Inappropriate Marriage”, “Family Conflict” and “the Kind of Family Background of people”. The Personal Factors are “Sexual Dissatisfaction”, “Emotional Dissatisfaction”, “the Feeling of Loneliness”, “the Spouse Unavailability”, “Weakness in Controlling Spouse”, “Domestic Violence”, “Revenge of the Spouse” and “the Role of the Third Person in the Relationship”. The Economic factors are including “the Economic Status of the person”, “the Role of Economic Problems”, “the motivation of entering into infidelity under the Pretext of Job promotion”. The media Factors Were Emphasized on “weakening Iranian Values through Social Media Networks and Foreign Satellite Channels” and “Producing of New Needs by Media”. Finally, the Contextual Factors were including the Role of “Age” and “Gender” in the Infidelity. Findings showed that Infidelity Occurred in the group of men and youth in Iran, more than other Social Groups.

Religious cultural industries such as Religious tourism, the implementation of traditional Religious ceremonies can have beneficial effects directly and indirectly on Economic growth. Due to the high cultural and Religious potential of Iran, Iran has many important features and capabilities. In this article, the effect of Religious cultural industries on Economic growth in selected provinces of Iran will be examined. In the framework of dynamic integration regression (GMM) during the period of 1379-1397, attention was paid to the data published in 1397 directly and indirectly from the channel Human capital is estimated. This model follows the study of Levine and Renelt using the principle of simplification based on the sample. Also, the results of the estimation are based on panel data regression. During the studied period, the effect of relative enhancement of Religious cultural variables on Economic growth is positive and significant. Also, the results of model estimation show that this indicator from the human capital can also affect the Economic growth of the province.